Material Test and Analysis Request
The Materials Testing and Analysis Infrastructure was established in 2003 with the aim of carrying out R&D activities and prototype production of materials and technologies of critical importance in the aerospace industry with national capabilities. In particular, the main objective is to develop one hundred percent indigenous and national materials, components and special processes classified as critical, which cannot be procured from abroad, and many successful indigenous and national products have been developed within the scope of this objective. In addition to the projects carried out at SAGE within the scope of its capabilities and capabilities, our infrastructure provides R&D activities, production and industrial service support to the leading defense industry, space and aviation organizations, research institutes and universities. Our infrastructure, which has continuously improved its equipment capabilities since the day it was established, is able to meet all needs from outside SAGE in the fastest way possible with its unique devices.
The infrastructure also carries out the production and shaping of various materials by powder metallurgy, vacuum metallurgy and heat treatment techniques, and performs mechanical, chemical and physical tests and analyzes of materials. The laboratories within our infrastructure are given below:
- Heat Treatment Laboratories
- Thermal Mechanical Forming Laboratories
- Mechanical Production Laboratory
- Ceramic Laboratory
- Metallography Laboratory
- Powder Metallurgy Laboratory
- Coating Technologies Laboratory
- Antenna Technologies Laboratory
- Sensor Technologies Laboratory
- Electromagnetics Laboratory
- Physical and Mechanical Test Laboratory
- Characterization Laboratories
In addition, our infrastructure provides the following materials testing and analysis services to various industrial organizations, universities and public institutions:
High Temperature Dilatometer Test
Short Description: Thermal expansion coefficient measurement tests are carried out with the high temperature dilatometer device in TÜBİTAK SAGE infrastructure. The dilatometer device has a vertical sample loading pattern and can measure the coefficient of thermal expansion of all metallic and ceramic materials between -150 °C and 1,750 °C. The device gives the variation of the sample length with temperature as output. In the light of this information, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials is calculated.
Device Used High Temperature Dilatometer (L75, Linseis)
Technical Specifications: The dilatometer can measure under different atmospheres. The device gives the change of the sample length with temperature as output. In the light of this information, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials is calculated in the desired temperature range.
Standards/Specifications Covered: Measurements are carried out in accordance with ASTM E228 standard. The standard sample for the device is a cylindrical sample ø 6 mm x 20 mm or a square sample not exceeding these dimensions.
Special Conditions: Materials containing explosives are not tested.
Carbon Sulfide Determination Tests
Short Description: Carbon (C) and Sulfur (S) determination tests are performed in accordance with the combustion method. In the test, the sample is burned under oxygen atmosphere and carbon and sulfur in the sample are isolated separately and measured by appropriate methods.
Device Used LECO CS230 Carbon/Sulfur Analyzer
Technical Specifications:
- Heating Method Induction Heating
- Measurement Method: Infrared absorption (for both carbon and sulfur)
- Measurement Range (for 1 gram)*:
- Carbon: 4 ppm - % 3.5 wt
- Sulfur 4 ppm - % 0.4 wt
- *The measurement range can be extended by reducing the sample weight.
- Specimen Weight: 1 gram nominal (The appropriate specimen weight may vary depending on the material to be tested).
Standards/Specifications Covered: Carbon and sulphur determination tests can be performed in accordance with the relevant standards/specifications. Sample standards are given below:
- ASTM E 1019: Standard Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel and in Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys
- ASTM E 1491: Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis
Special Conditions: Only non-volatile and non-explosive, inorganic materials can be tested with the device (metals, ceramics, ores etc.)
Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N) and Oxygen (O) Determination Tests
Short Description: Hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) determination tests are performed in accordance with the inert gas fusion method. In the test, the sample is melted under a helium gas atmosphere and the hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) in the sample are separately isolated and measured by appropriate methods.
Device Used LECO TCH600 Hydrogen/Nitrogen/Oxygen Analyzer
Technical Specifications:
- Heating Method: Resistance heating in electrode furnace
- Measurement Method:
- Hydrogen Infrared absorption
- Nitrogen Thermal Conductivity
- Oxygen Infrared absorption
- Measurement Range (for 1 gram)*:
- Hydrogen: 0.1 ppm - % 0.25 wt
- Nitrogen: 0.05 ppm - % 3.0 wt
- Oxygen: 0.05 ppm - % 5.0 wt
- * The measurement range can be extended by reducing the sample weight.
- Specimen Weight: 1 gram nominal (The appropriate specimen weight may vary depending on the material to be tested).
Standards/Specifications Covered: Hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) determination tests can be performed in accordance with the relevant standards/specifications. Sample standards are given below:
- ASTM E 1019: Standard Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel and in Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys
- ASTM E 1409: Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion
- ASTM E 1477: Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion Thermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method
Special Conditions: Only non-volatile and non-explosive, inorganic materials can be tested with the device (metals, ceramics, ores etc.)
Macro and Micro Structure Review
Short Description: In macro inspection, grain edges, contamination and unwanted formations in the part are observed and their dimensions can be measured. In micro inspection, the structure of the material is examined and inferences are made about its mechanical properties, previous processing and production method.
Device Used Zeiss Axioskop MAT 2
Technical Specifications: The device operates under room conditions. In order to obtain healthy images and measurements, the planarity and parallelism of the sample must be very good. Samples should be bakelitized for sample cleaning and ease of handling. For microstructure observations, the sample should be etched with a suitable etchant.
Standards/Specifications Covered: ASTM E3, ASTM E407, ASTM E340, ASTM E45
Special Conditions: The sample must be solid and stable at room temperature.
Grain Length Measurement Test
Short Description: It is used to measure the grain size distribution of samples of solids and emulsions, dry powders and powder masses dispersed in liquids.
Device Used Malvern Mastersizer 2000
Technical Specifications:
Grain size range: 0.02 to 2,000 microns (depending on material properties).
Measurement Principle: Mie scattering
Detector System:
Red Light: Front scattering, edge scattering, back scattering.
Blue Light Wide-angle front and back scattering.
Light Source:
Red Light: Helium neon laser
Blue Light Solid state light source
Optical Alignment System: Fast automatic alignment system with dark field optical indicator.
Laser System: Mastersizer 2000: Class 1 laser
Auotosampler 2000: Class 2 laser
Coating Thickness Measurement Test
Short Description: The coating thickness test is performed to determine the thickness of metallic coatings on materials. The test sample is placed in the X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer with the coating surface exposed. The type of coating and material is selected from a pre-coded library. The X-ray is sent to the material and the amount of coating thickness on the material is determined according to the backscatter.
Device Used X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer
Technical Specifications: The ambient temperature must be approximately 25 °C for the device to measure. The length of the sample whose coating thickness is to be measured should be maximum 30 cm and the weight should be maximum 2 kg. Larger parts need to be cut to be measured.
Standards/Specifications Covered: Tests can be performed in accordance with all kinds of military and civilian standards where the technical specifications of the X-Ray Fluorescence device are appropriate (height-weight).
Special Conditions: In order to measure the coating thickness, the type of coating and the type of material must be known, and the infrastructure must be notified in advance. Coating thicknesses that have already been uploaded to the library can be measured immediately, updates should be made for coating types that are not available in the library, measurement can be performed after the power updates are made
Macro and Micro Hardness Analysis
Short Description: The hardness test provides information about the durability, strength and wear resistance of the material and is used to determine whether the material needs heat treatment or to check the accuracy of the heat treatment. Hardness is calculated by inserting specially sized tips into the material and using the depth to which the tip penetrates.
Device Used
- For macro hardness: Struers Duramin-500
- For Micro Hardness: Emco-Test DuraScan 20 G5
Technical Specifications: Depending on the size of the sample and the type of material, it is determined whether the macro or micro hardness method should be used.
- Surface preparations are specified in Table-1.
- The standards/specifications covered by the test methods are specified in Table-2.
Table of Surface Requirements for Hardness Tests
| Testing | Surface Preparations |
|---|---|
| Rockwell HR |
Macro Hardness Test No surface preparation is required. |
| Brinell HB |
Macro Hardness Test
-Sanded Macro Hardness Test -Polished or lapped |
| Vickers HV |
Macro Hardness Test
-Flat surface Macro Hardness Test Mechanical and Electropolished |
| Knoop HK |
Macro Hardness Test
-Mechanical and Electro Polished |
Table of Standards/Specifications Covered by Test Methods
| Hardness Test Method | Standard |
|---|---|
| Vickers |
ISO 6507 ASTM E384 ASTM E384 |
| Knoop |
ISO 4545 ASTM E384 |
| Brinell |
ISO 6506 ASTM E10 |
| Rockwell |
ISO 6508 ASTM E18 |
